(1) Department of Development Studies, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P O Box 65015, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(2) Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P O Box 65015, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(1) Kilimanjaro College of Health and Allied Science, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(2) Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Administration and Management, Mzumbe University, Tanzania. , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(1) Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mzumbe University Mzumbe University, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(2) 1. Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mzumbe University Mzumbe University, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(3) Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mzumbe University Mzumbe University, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(1) , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(2) Katavi Regional Referral Hospital, Ministry of Health, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(3) 3. Centre of Excellence in Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Department of Health Systems Management, Mzumbe University, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,

(4) 1. Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Administration and Management, Mzumbe University, Tanzania , Tanzania, United Republic of ,